According to the latest technology, the software testing field is the most sought-after career for freshers. Software testing is a unique stage from the rest of the software development process. 

What is system testing then? The software testing process is often conducted in the last stage of product release to evaluate product quality. No one is exceptional in using a mobile phone, and we use many apps or any product in our daily life, but we have never thought about how it has been released to the market. With software testing, there will be a chance of product release. Due to this, the demand for software testers increases exponentially with the steady growth in the IT testing industry. 

In this blog, we shall discuss what is system testing, types of system testing, testing techniques in software testing and what is test strategy.

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What is the test strategy?

Before starting your project in software testing, you must understand the technique and execution strategy. Moreover, strategy and investment play a crucial role in software testing. 

As a first step, you should understand the strategy because once we enter into the testing process, we shall not be able to estimate the overall cost for the testing process. Still, we need the knowledge of testing strategies and tools to test any website or app. 

Software or System testing in software engineering

• The first and foremost thing we should follow is you have a clear understanding of software testing strategy and software testing methods.
• Some tests necessitate a thorough knowledge of the relevant software and running systems, while others don’t.
• You must know how to execute the test cases manually, while another test case can be automated safely. 

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• Moreover, based on the testing strategy, different skills, knowledge and understanding are required. 
• Different testing methodologies require varying technical expertise, know-how, and tools.

What is testing techniques in software testing

Test strategy, documentation, features of test strategy, components, types of test strategies, and testing activities are crucial parts of software testing.g. 

A high-level document called a “Test strategy document” is used to confirm the types or degrees of tests that will be carried out on a product and to outline the testing strategy utilized during the software development life cycle.

Once the test strategy is written, we should not make any modifications, and it should be approved by the Project Manager and development team.

In addition, the test strategy should follow these specifications, which are necessary for documenting the test. 

• What other software testing methods and procedures can be implemented?
• Which module is yet to get tested? 
• Which entry and exit standards are relevant?
• What kind of testing needs to be put into practice?

In other words, it is a document defining how we test the product and the approaches created with the help of the following aspects:

• Automation processes
• Resource perspective

Based on the development design documents, we can create the test strategy.

These documents are part of the development design document:

• System design documents: The software tester uses these documents to write a new test method, procedure or strategy.
• Design documents: These documents are primarily used to specify the software’s functionality and upcoming release.
• Conceptual design documents: These are the documents that we utilize sparingly.

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Testing techniques in software testing and its objectives

The prominent reason for writing a test strategy is to ensure that all testing techniques are covered and that the development team understands completely. All these test strategies should be created systematically.

A test strategy’s secondary goal is to assist various quality assurance users with resource development, language selection, test and integration level selection, verification, roles and duties, etc.

Features of Test Strategy Document

In the Software Development Life Cycle, the test strategy document plays a crucial role. It has various notable aspects, such as who will execute the testing, what can be tested, how it will be executed successfully, what the consequences will face, etc. 

The following are some other traits of the Test Strategy document:

The test strategy document must get approval and review by the following individuals:

• • Test Team Lead
  • Development Manager
  • Quality Analyst Manager
  • Product Manager
    • Based on the testing, the testing strategy and tools will differ. 
    • Various strategies, documents, resources, measures, methods, methodologies, etc., will differ for testing. 
    • Once it is prepared or finished, the project test team uses it to specify how testing is carried out.
    • The Business Requirements Specifications, or BRS, documents are where it is primarily accessible.
    • The test strategy document is a high-level document that typically doesn’t change, indicating that there aren’t any frequent or needless changes made to the document.
    • A test plan document aids the particular team in quickly achieving the testing goals.
    • The test plan document aids the particular team in quickly achieving the testing goals.

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Components of Test Strategy Document

We recognise that the test strategy document is created both during and after the requirements process.

The test strategy document contains a variety of elements, including:

Scope and Overview

• The first part of the test strategy document is the Scope and Overview.
• The overview of any product includes details on who should support, review and operate the document.
• The test strategy document also defines the testing actions and steps that need approval.

Testing Methodology

• The next section of the test strategy document is titled Testing methodology. This section is mostly used to outline the testing levels, testing process, roles, and duties of every team member.
• The testing strategy also includes the activity to handle the modification request, the patterns to be applied, and the process for managing change.
• Above all, incorrect test strategy documents could result in future errors or mistakes.

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 Testing Environment Specifications

• Another essential component of the test strategy document is Testing Environment Specification.
• As we become aware of the requirement of the test and its specification, we should understand the clear procedure and preparation of test data in the testing environment. 
• Moreover, we should focus on the strategy document.
• This module outlines the data related to the required configuration and environmental parameters.
• Backup and restore solutions are provided to ensure no data redundancy due to coding or programming errors.

Testing Tools

• Testing tools are yet another crucial part of the test strategy document because they provide all the details on the test management and automation technologies required for test execution.
• The characteristics of the open-source or proprietary product and the maximum number of users it can support define the fundamental approaches and tools for privacy, efficiency, load testing, and other related tasks.

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Release Control

• Release Control is another significant part of the test strategy document.
• It verifies that release administration and test execution techniques are designed properly and effectively.

Risk Analysis

• The risk analysis is another crucial component of the test strategy. 
• In the test strategy document, every possible risk is defined and connected to the project, which will cause significant risk during test execution. 
• So, to encounter these risks, we should prepare a precise strategy to ensure the proper steps are taken to solve these problems.
• We establish a backup plan if the development team encounters these hazards in real time.

Review and Approvals

• The final component of the testing strategy document is called Review and Approval.
• When the test plan document includes a description of all relevant testing activities, it is reviewed by the appropriate parties, including:
  • System Administration Team
  • Project Management Team
  • Development Team
  • Business Team
• The document should be started with the valid date, approver name, response, and summary of the evaluated changes.
• It should also be reviewed and updated frequently when the testing procedure is improved.

Types of Test Strategies

Here, we’ll go through some of the key categories of test strategy documents:

• Methodical strategy
• Reactive strategy
• Model-based strategy
• Consultative strategy
• Analytical strategy
• Standards-compliant
• Regression averse

Let us understand them one by one in detail:

Methodical Strategy

• The methodical strategy is the initial stage of the test strategy document.
• The tester will follow the set of principles, pre-designed quality, and checklists. 
• Standard checklists are used for specific forms of testing, including security testing.

Reactive Strategy

• The Reactive strategy is the next type of test strategy.
• We can develop and run the test only after the final software is released. As a result, the testing is based on the weaknesses of the current system.
• Imagine that we have employed exploratory testing and that the test approvals are based on the current characteristics and performances.
• The results of the testing that the test engineer conducts are used to reconstruct these test approvals.

 Analytical Strategy

• Analytical testing is another type of test technique, and it is used to carry out a test based on requirements that are examined to determine the test conditions. 
• Then tests are created, put into practice, and carried out to satisfy those requirements, such as risk-based or requirements-based testing.
• Even the results are documented in terms of specifications such as the tested and met requirements.

 Standards-compliant or Process compliant strategy

• In this test technique, the test engineer will set up the testing team and discover test conditions by adhering to the standards or guidelines established by a committee of industry professionals or authorities. 
• So, preparing the test strategy is crucial because it plays a pivotal role in software testing. 
• Consider a project that employs the ScrumAgile methodology. The test engineer will then create a comprehensive test strategy for that scenario, starting with classifying the test criteria and moving on to the necessary test cases, running the tests, reporting the results, etc., centring around each user narrative.
• Medical systems that adhere to US FDA (Food and Drug Administration) regulations are excellent examples of processes that conform to standards.

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Model-based Strategy

• A model-based test strategy is the following subcategory. 
• The testing team chooses the existing or anticipated situation and creates a model that includes the following elements: inputs, outputs, processes, and potential behavior.
• The models are also developed based on the most recent data rates, infrastructure, software, and hardware.

Regression Averse Strategy

• For functional or non-functional product shares, the test engineer focuses primarily on reducing regression risks in the regression-averse strategy.
• Assume, for instance, that we are testing the regression problems for a certain application using a single web application. 
• The testing team can create test automation for both the regular and unique use cases of this scenario.
• Additionally, the testing team may employ GUI-based automation tools to make it easier for the tests to be executed anytime the application is modified.

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Consultative Strategy

• The consultative strategy is utilized to consult important investors to choose the scope of the test conditions for user-directed testing.
• The customer will supply a list of browsers and their versions, operating systems, connection kinds, anti-malware software, and the contradictory list of devices they wish to test the application in that order of importance.
• The test engineer may apply different testing methodologies, including equivalence partitioning, depending on the requirements of the items included in the provided lists.

Depending on the company’s demands and the needs of the product, we can mix two or more strategies. Furthermore, any test methodologies outlined above are optional for all testing projects.

Selection of a test plan

The following factors may influence the test strategy choice:

• The kind and size of the organization affect the test approach choice.
• Based on the project’s needs, such as those for applications relating to safety and security that demand a thorough approach, we can choose the testing strategy.
• Based on the product development model, we may choose the test strategy.

Now that you have understood what is system testing, types of system testing, testing techniques in software testing and what is test strategy. So, to become a software tester, you can join Software Testing Course in Bangalore and learn the complete testing techniques in software testing and core concepts of software testing life cycle and get into the high paying top IT companies.